55ZYT直(zhi)流電(dian)機是將直(zhi)流電(dian)能轉換為機械能的(de)電(dian)動(dong)機。因其良好的(de)調速性能而在(zai)電(dian)力拖(tuo)動(dong)中(zhong)得到廣(guang)泛應用。直(zhi)流電(dian)動(dong)機按勵(li)(li)(li)磁(ci)方式分為永(yong)磁(ci)、他勵(li)(li)(li)和(he)自勵(li)(li)(li)3類，其中(zhong)自勵(li)(li)(li)又分為并(bing)勵(li)(li)(li)、串(chuan)勵(li)(li)(li)和(he)復勵(li)(li)(li)3種。

　　當直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)向(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)(shu)繞組供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)(shu)表面(mian)的N極(ji)(ji)下(xia)導(dao)體可以流過(guo)相(xiang)同方向(xiang)(xiang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，根據左手定(ding)(ding)(ding)則導(dao)體將受到逆時(shi)針方向(xiang)(xiang)的力矩(ju)(ju)作用;電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)(shu)表面(mian)S極(ji)(ji)下(xia)部分(fen)導(dao)體也(ye)流過(guo)相(xiang)同方向(xiang)(xiang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，同樣根據左手定(ding)(ding)(ding)則導(dao)體也(ye)將受到逆時(shi)針方向(xiang)(xiang)的力矩(ju)(ju)作用。這(zhe)樣，整個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)(shu)繞組即轉子(zi)將按逆時(shi)針旋轉，輸入的直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能就轉換(huan)成轉子(zi)軸上輸出的機械能。由定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)和轉子(zi)組成，定(ding)(ding)(ding)子(zi)：基座，主磁(ci)極(ji)(ji)，換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)極(ji)(ji)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)裝置等;轉子(zi)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)(shu))：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)(shu)鐵心，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞(shu)(shu)繞組，換(huan)向(xiang)(xiang)器，轉軸和風(feng)扇等。